Do your students know the difference between blocking and Interleaving (and does it really matter)?
Revision and study leave can be incredibly stressful times for students. During this time, they need to learn, remember and finally apply copious amounts of information. Once they’ve taken the test or exam they were studying for, their performance and attained grades may have a profound impact on the next stage of their lives.
In a survey conducted by The Children’s Commissioner for England, two-thirds of the children they spoke to said they felt the most stressed about homework and exams (66%) as opposed to worrying about what other people think of them (39%) and bullying (25%).
As such, years of research have gone into finding out what might make this time a little easier for students. Many have focused on the most effective revision techniques, finding some strategies work better than others, including the likes of Retrieval Practice, Dual Coding and Spacing. Another such strategy is Interleaving, which is the opposite of blocking; it’s not nearly as popular amongst students, but emerging research may show it has its own benefits.
So which strategy is the best for revision? And is it the best for all subjects and cases, or just some of them? We had a look at the differences between the results of each strategy to hopefully give students a better idea of what to use and when.
Read on to see:
What are Interleaving and blocking?
Interleaving consists of students switching between topics whilst revising to improve their learning. The reason behind this is that it helps students make connections between topics and forces them to think harder about which strategies need to be applied to which problems. Both of these things help improve later recall, especially in the long term.
Blocked study, on the other hand, involves studying a topic in its entirety before moving on to another. A great example of blocking your revision is what sadly typically happens the night before a test. Some students cram all of their studying into a few hours and go over their notes for an entire module at once. Many students believe this is useful, with one survey reporting that 99% of students admit to cramming.
To make it clearer, here is what blocking and Interleaving look like in infographic form: Research shows that students overwhelmingly prefer to use blocked practice whilst studying, even though Interleaving is often considered to be more efficient for learning. But is it as clear cut as it seems?
Should students use blocking or Interleaving?
There is a plethora of evidence supporting Interleaving. For example, in one study, students were assigned to a blocked or interleaved condition and each given a set of fraction addition and fraction multiplication questions to complete. Those in the blocked condition completed all of the addition questions before moving on to the multiplication questions, and those in the interleaved group completed the questions in a randomly mixed order. Students in the interleaved condition performed almost 7% better in their final exam than those in the blocked group – suggesting that Interleaving is a superior revision strategy.
However, evidence suggests that blocking may lead to greater processing fluency and is an arguably better choice if the exam is on the same day. For students who have already done the work efficiently using strategies like Interleaving, this means blocking might be a way of giving their exam performance a small boost if they have some time for last-minute revision. Do keep in mind that, contrary to popular belief, research has consistently shown that cramming all of your revision together is not an effective way to remember information in the long term. So, if students are to use blocking, it needs to be in addition to efficient revision strategies.
Final thoughts
There are different preferences amongst students when it comes to revision techniques, including in the debate between interleaved and blocked practice. Students may be blocking their study in the belief that it will work to their advantage, despite research, as explained above, finding that to not usually be the case. Interleaving is considered to be a much more effective revision method for its ability to enhance recall and retention of information in the long term.
Unfortunately, students often don’t know what’s best for their revision, preferring easy but inefficient strategies. This suggests that it is worth introducing your students to interleaved study and its benefits and encouraging them to give it a try next time they’re studying for a test. The chances of them improving their grades and discovering a more efficient way of revising are high and in their favour.
